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SCHEIL,
Father
Jean-Vincent
(b.
Kœnigsmacker
[de‚partement
of
Moselle],
June
10,
1858;
d.
Paris,
September
21,
1940),
French
philologist
and
archaeologist.
After
his
studies
at
the
college
of
Sierck
(Moselle),
he
entered
the
Dominican
order
in
1881
and
took
the
name
of
Father
Vincent.
His
ecclesiastical
studies
and
his
novitiate
lasted
six
years,
first
in
Spain,
and
then
in
Austria.
During
these
years,
he
also
wrote
his
thesis
of
doctorate
in
philosophy
and
theology,
which
was
published
in
1889
in
Mainz
as
De
origine
gothica
Guzmanorum
gentis
germanice.
In
1887,
he
became
lecturer
in
theology
at
the
Convent
of
Saint
Jacques
in
Paris.
Very
musician,
he
played
harmonium
and
sang
with
the
offices;
his
homilies
was
remarkable,
but
he
admitted
that
he
was
not
cut
out
to
be
a
preacher.
So,
as
he
knew
Hebrew
very
well,
his
superiors
directed
him
towards
philological
studies.
He
became
a
titular
pupil
of
the
École
Pratique
des
Hautes
Études
at
the
Sorbonne,
where
he
studied,
among
other
subjects,
ancient
Middle
Eastern
civilizations.
By
attending
courses
of
Egyptology
and
Assyriology
at
the
Colleàge
de
France
and
the
École
du
Louvre,
he
further
deepened
his
knowledge.
In
December
1890,
he
was
sent
to
Egypt
as
a
member
of
the
Institute
of
Oriental
Archaeology
in
Cairo.
There,
the
discovery
of
the
Assyrian
tablets
encouraged
him
to
specialize
in
Assyrian.
Towards
the
end
of
1892,
Father
Scheil
directed
excavations
in
the
desert
close
to
Baghdad
for
the
Ottoman
Imperial
Museum.
In
1893
he
went
to
Constantinople
to
classify
his
discoveries.
Ottoman
authorities
entrusted
him
with
the
classification
and
drafting
of
a
catalogue
of
the
Chaldean,
Assyrian
and
Egyptian
antiquities
of
the
Museum.
Back
to
France
for
his
publications,
he
was
appointed
lecturer
at
the
École
Pratique
des
Hautes
Études
(section
of
historical
and
philological
sciences)
in
November
1895.
For
two
years
(1896-98),
he
dedicated
his
academic
vacations
to
the
classification
of
the
written
tablets
of
the
Museum
of
Constantinople.
In
1899,
Jacques
de
Morgan
appointed
him
as
an
Assyriologist
to
the
De‚le‚gation
Arche‚ologique
Française
en
Iran
(q.v.).
After
the
discovery
of
the
Hammurabi's
Law
Code
in
Susa
(1901),
Father
Scheil
deciphered
and
published
the
250
articles
of
this
stele
containing
nearly
3600
lines.
It
was
the
starting
point
of
a
new
field
of
activity
within
the
De‚le‚gation,
and
of
numerous
important
publications
in
the
series
Me‚moires
de
la
De‚le‚gation
en
Perse,
renamed
Me‚moires
de
la
Mission
de
Susiane
when
de
Morgan
retired
in
October
1912.
From
this
date
until
1940,
Father
Scheil
and
Roland
de
Mecquenem
jointly
directed
the
Mission
de
Susiane,
the
later
leading
the
excavations
in
Susa
while
Scheil
carried
out
the
scientific
and
publishing
work
in
Paris.
Father
Scheil,
who
had
already
been
elected
member
of
the
Acade‚mie
des
Inscriptions
et
Belles-Lettres
in
1908,
the
same
year
he
received
the
Le‚gion
d'Honneur,
the
highest
French
distinction,
also
became
deputy
Director
of
the
École
Pratique
des
Hautes
Études.
He
occupied
these
positions
until
his
death.
Bibliography:
Scheil's
works.
Muse‚e
impe‚rial
ottoman.
Monuments
e‚gyptiens,
notice
sommaire,
Constantinople,
1898.
La
Loi
de
Hammourabi
(vers
2000
av.
J.-C.),
Paris,
1904.
Inscriptions
des
Ache‚me‚nides
aà
Suse,
Paris,
1929.
Literature.
Archives
Nationales
de
France,
files
F/17/17245,
F/17/17246,
F/17/17247,
F/17/17250,
F/17/17251,
F/17/17259,
F/17/2993/C.
R.
Dussaud,
"Notice
sur
la
vie
et
les
travaux
de
M.
Vincent
Scheil",
Institut
de
France,
Acade‚mie
des
Inscriptions
et
Belles-Lettres
12,
1941,
pp.
1-17.
R.
de
Mecquenem,
"Les
fouilleurs
de
Suse",
Iranica
Antiqua
XV,
1980,
pp.
1-48
(see
pp.
9-10,
20).
J.
de
Morgan,
La
De‚le‚gation
en
Perse
du
Ministeàre
de
l'Instruction
publique
1897-1902,
Paris,
1902.
N.
Nasiri-Moghaddam,
L'arche‚ologie
française
en
Perse
et
les
antiquite‚s
nationales
(1884-1914),
Paris,
2004,
pp.
101-2,
146,
148-9,
207-9,
308.
M.
Roques,
"A
l'occasion
de
la
mort
de
M.
Vincent
Scheil",
Institut
de
France,
Acade‚mie
des
Inscriptions
et
Belles-Lettres
9,
1940,
pp.
1-14.
(Nader
Nasiri-Moghaddam)
June
5,
2006 |